Located in the Semuliki Valley along the western edge of the Rwenzori Mountains, Semuliki National Park is one of Uganda’s hidden gems. Originally established in 1932 as the Semuliki Forest Reserve, it was designated as a national park in 1993. This park is East Africa’s only true lowland tropical forest, offering a rare glimpse into the lush ecosystems typical of Central Africa.
Covering 220 square kilometers, the park is part of the ancient Ituri Forest, which extends from the Congo Basin. This forest has survived for over 12,000 years, making it one of Africa’s most biodiverse and ecologically significant areas.
The Semuliki Valley, shaped by its geological history, was once submerged under a vast lake over seven million years ago. Today, the park’s rich biodiversity includes 441 bird species, 53 mammal species, and an array of flora and fauna. Its central feature, the Semuliki River, forms the international boundary between Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo, evoking the ambiance of the Congo River.
Sempaya Hot Springs
The geothermal Sempaya Hot Springs are the park’s most famous attraction, divided into the Male and Female Hot Springs:
Male Hot Spring (Bubbling Spring) — A boiling geyser that shoots up to two meters, with water temperatures reaching 103°C. Visitors often witness guides boiling eggs or plantains in the hot water.
Female Hot Spring (Mumbuga Spring) — Located a 30-minute walk from the Male Spring, this bubbling pool emerges from a swampy area and offers a serene experience.
Wildlife Encounters
Mammals including forest elephants, leopards, and primates like black-and-white colobus monkeys, red-tailed monkeys, and chimpanzees inhabit the park.
The park is home to 441 bird species, including the shoebill stork, lyre-tailed honeyguide, and Albertine Rift endemics.
Over 300 butterfly species and 235 moth species make this a haven for nature enthusiasts.
Cultural Experiences
While here, you will meet the indigenous Batwa people, who have lived in the forests for centuries. Learn about their traditional hunter-gatherer lifestyle and deep connection to the forest.
Scenic Landscapes and Hiking Trails
Explore diverse vegetation and spot red-tailed monkeys.
Experience the Kirumia trail. This 13-kilometer trail is ideal for birdwatching and primate sightings.
Semuliki River and Swamps
Discover the vibrant ecosystems along the Semuliki River, home to hippos, crocodiles, and numerous aquatic species.
Forest Walks and Night Walks
Guided walks offer an up-close experience with the park’s lush vegetation and wildlife. Night walks reveal nocturnal creatures like pottos, bush babies, and owls.
The park is about 465 kilometers from Kampala via Mbarara, Fort Portal, and Kasese, an approximate 7-8 hour drive.
Visitors can select from basic campsites to luxury Safari lodges, ensuring a range of options to suit different budgets.
While the park is open year-round, the dry seasons (December to February and June to September) are ideal for wildlife viewing and hiking.
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